1. 桃的植物文化
桃文化中一直关照着生命的意识。桃是远古人类童年时期,生命的载体、一种精神的转移,这主要表现在孕育生命、庇佑生命、延续生命三个方面。从桃文化产生的社会背景和文化土壤起笔,追溯了桃文化产生的原生文化土壤即图腾崇拜和生殖信仰;借用桃的生物性特征,从与桃有关的民众信仰出发,阐述了桃在民俗生活中所表征的生育、吉祥、长寿意义;利用民俗符号学理论,将体现生命意识的桃进行文化阐释,深化其在文化中的表征意义。当然也不忘将桃体现的生命观置于中日文化中作以比较,相似的民间故事情节,由于不同民族民族文化底蕴不同,对生命意识的理解不同,相似故事情节折射出不同的文化精神。最后,反观在当代社会里,桃文化在现代社会中的传承和嬗变。在此基础上,分析在现代生活的冲击下,桃文化的现实应用及未来发展趋势。桃文化作为一种观念意识,长期潜存于民俗内心,并通过民众活动能够继续传承,同时在现代生活中由于神秘色彩的淡化,使桃文化向着实用、娱乐、审美方向发展。
桃文化的社会背景从原始社会生产力的滞后性和原始社会人口形势的严峻性两方面进行。然后从夸父神话入手,捕捉夸父神话中有关桃的生命信息,由此引出桃文化产生的文化土壤,即根植于图腾崇拜和生殖崇拜的文化土壤之上。 桃在民俗生活中生命意义的象征与表现。第一,桃的“子繁而易植”因孕育生命而有了生育的象征:多子多福,春天使者,喻指婚姻。第二,受先民“万物有灵”观念的影响,人们赋予桃镇鬼避邪的作用,从而保护了生命,使桃具有了吉祥的象征意义:神荼郁垒的传说衍生了桃的吉祥内容;桃在日常生活、岁时节日、人生仪礼中的辟邪求吉的行为表现,传达了桃作为镇邪纳吉之物的原始信仰。第三,桃的食用和养生功能,让人们意识到了桃在益寿延年、延续生命方面的重要性,使桃具有长寿的象征意义:通过桃长寿象征意义历史渊源的追溯,桃长寿象征意义在民俗生活中的事象例举,让人们挖掘到了更深层的桃长寿象征意义。
把桃又放在文化视野中进行符号学阐释。桃成为民俗符号有其必然性,同时对桃作为民俗符号的构成分析,利用民俗符号学理论,将体现生命意识的桃,进行文化阐释,深化其在民俗文化中的表征意义。民俗符号它还传递着生命信息。中国传统文化中的生命意识与原始思维方式在文化意义上是吻合的,费雷泽的“金枝”效应昭示了原始思维中人与植物交感互通的巫术原理,使传统生命意识与原始思维方式在生命的强大主旋律中达到和谐一致。在桃文化发展流变中,人们跳跃着的思维一直在主导着桃文化的生命意识。俗民以桃为载体,创造了许多极具典型意义的文化符号。当然也不忘将桃的生命意识置于中日民间文化中作以比较,通过中日关于桃的相似情节的民间故事的分析,比较出由于不同民族对生命意识的理解差异性,折射出不同的文化精神。 桃文化在现代生活中的社会传承、嬗变及发展趋势。由于桃文化本身文化因子的长久沉淀,在现代社会转型期,新的文化模式尚未形成的不稳定时期,主体性功能在社会转型期仍占主导性地位。当然在现代化的冲击下,桃文化因社会内应力和外应力的作用又会不断变迁,桃文化部分功能也有会相应的变化。桃文化在现代生活中神秘色彩淡化逐渐向世俗化方向发展;通过民众活动的传承,桃文化向实用、娱乐、审美方向发展。桃文化在现代社会生活中的发展趋势:桃文化的部分功能将会有越时长效之性;物质型桃文化的应用范围逐渐扩大;精神文化领域中的桃的因素将呈简约化趋势;科技的进步,会唤起民族传统与风格的重视,桃文化将会受到进一步的关注和研究,其某些形态会作为未来生活的点缀或民族精神的象征从而得到夸张的应用和推广。
种种罗列与阐释,附以相关理论深究桃文化中蕴含的生命意识,为桃文化的研究提供一种思维角度。通过对与桃的相关民俗信仰的分析,附以相关理论方法剖析桃文化的民间信仰中的生命意识的积淀,对于扩展民俗学信仰方面的研究也有促进作用。 在《红楼梦》中,林黛玉写了一首《桃花行》:“桃花帘外东风软,桃花帘内晨妆懒;帘外桃花帘内人,人与桃花隔不远;东风有意揭帘栊,花欲窥人帘不卷。桃花帘外开仍旧,帘中人比黄花瘦;……”全诗哀怨凄楚,宝玉看了,不觉滚下泪来,于是大家商量,又建了“桃花诗社”。
自古以来,写桃花的诗很多。如《诗经》:“桃子夭夭,灼灼其华。”唐代诗人高蟾的“天上碧桃和露种,日边红杏倚云裁”。晋代文学家陶渊明的《桃花源记》,更把人们带入了一个令人神往的天地。
中国是桃的故乡,至今已有3000多年的栽培历史。世界上桃的品种有3000多种,中国占1/4以上,可分为食用桃和观赏桃两大类,观赏桃主要是观赏桃花,有桃红、嫣红、粉红、银红、殷红、紫红、橙红、朱红……,真是万紫千红,赏心悦目。
中国传统文化将世界上的物质都用“五”来概括:五行、五脏、五谷、五畜、五菜、五果、五音、五气、五色、五味、五官、五体、五志……。其中五果是桃、李、杏、梨、枣,桃是五果之首。可见人们对桃子的重视。 关于桃子,在中国有许多美丽的神话和传说,在传说中,桃是神仙吃的果实。吃了头等大桃,可“与天地同寿,与日月同庚”;吃了二等中桃,可“霞举飞升,长生不老”;吃了三等小桃子,也可以“成仙得道,体健身轻”。正因为此,桃子被称为“仙桃”、“寿桃”。在《西游记》里,天官里的王母娘娘做寿时,就曾设蟠桃盛会招待群仙。这虽然是神话,也说明桃决非一般水果可比。至于齐天大圣孙悟空,以及他的子孙们,均是以桃子为粮食。
民间年画上的老寿星,手里总是拿着桃--“寿桃”,过生日做寿时要蒸桃形的馒头,或实心、或空心里面填馅,做成圆馒头状,在顶都捏出桃尖,用竹刀或刀背从上至下轧出一个桃形槽来,将桃尖略微弯曲,再染成红色,上笼蒸熟,“寿桃”就做成了。在老人生日那天,献给老人,以祝福老人健康长寿。
不但桃有仙缘,连桃木都有神灵,而且她在民间的威望比桃还大。早在先秦时代的古籍中,就有桃木能避邪的记载,一切妖魔鬼怪见了都逃之夭夭。 崔护桃花《题都城南庄》 白居易《大林寺桃花》、《下邽庄南桃花》、《春晚寄微之》、《彭蠡湖晚归》《送友人上峡赴东川辞命》 韦庄《伤昔》 贾至《春思》 李白《山中问答》、《赠汪伦》 刘禹锡《元和十年自郎州召至京师戏赠》、《再游玄都观》 张旭《桃花溪》 志勤《三十年来寻剑客》 辛弃疾《生查子》 朱淑真《鹧鸪天》 徐兰《出关》 李贺《送沈亚之歌并序》、《浩歌》、《题赵生壁》、《仙人》 王昌龄《古意》、《留别武陵袁丞》 常建《三日寻李九庄》、《戏题湖上》 孟浩然《送元公之鄂渚寻观主张骖鸾》 赵嘏《寄归》 苏轼《惠崇春江晚景》 韩翃《复偶见》 和凝《天仙子》 皇甫松《梦江南》、《竹枝》 刘禹锡《忆江南》 王建《调笑令》 张志和《渔歌子》 晏几道《鹧鸪天》、《阮郎归》、《御街行》 晏殊《胡捣练》、《燕归梁》 毛泽东《看山》 陈祗时《左溪》
2. 手串如何做旧
1 做旧,拿油熬,拿油炸,等等,借助做旧工艺,可弄出很多黑且光亮的金刚。做完旧,上香灰,可以弄出所谓庙挂金刚。
2上色,尼泊尔商人在卖出金刚的时候有时候就会上第一道色。国内商人紧步其后,可以通过各类上色手法上色。
3蒸煮,蒸煮能较快清理,出所谓的“南瓜红”,这种红色和原籽的颜色很大不同,一般显得发死。因而清理的太干净的籽一定要当心,要问清楚。
4
上漆和其他化学试剂。使得金刚本身变得很好看。
5上油,包括橄榄油核桃油BB油等。上油的好处,一是遮断齿,二是遮掉“水碱”,但往往会阴了底子。上不上油应该由买家决定。除了单子收藏用的那种极品单籽外,妙用堂小编建议金刚不上油。很多口头承诺没有上油的奸商,实际都做了假。但刚入门的朋友不容易发现。(也有很多奸商打着上油防裂的幌子~~上油确实可以适当防裂,但也没那么神)
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(二)使用替代物
1即用原本不是金刚的东西,冒充金刚出售典型的有:
二瓣、三瓣的造假。目前国内所见二瓣几乎无真,三瓣很多都是用长寿核桃代替,这个上当的人相当多。
2用印度籽、印尼籽、国产籽冒充尼泊尔籽。尤其是在多瓣领域,假得简直是惨不忍睹。但很多人,包括去尼泊尔本地买和印度本地买的朋友,都上过这种当。价差甚至达到上百倍。
3树脂塑料等物品。
3. 过期的核桃有什么用处
1.乌发养发,变漂亮
核桃富含维生素B2、维生素B6和维生素E,这些都和头发密切相关,每天吃两把,就可以滋补头发,使秀发黑亮、强韧。
2.补脑健脑,变聪明
核桃能补脑,含有的维生素有抗氧化、促进头皮血液循环的作用,加快向大脑输送氧气和提供血糖值的速度,从而提高大脑的工作效率。
3.通便排毒,更苗条
核桃是一味治便秘的良药,其中富含的核桃油和粗纤维,能润肠通便,有效排出宿便毒素,一身轻松。
4.保护心脏,更长寿
核桃含有在食物中少有的ω-3,能降低甘油三酯,有抗血栓形成、抗心律形成、舒张血管的特性,对保护心脏的非常有效,世界上已有多份研究报告证实过了,非常靠谱。
5.预防关节炎,更舒服
神奇的ω-3还有减缓关节疼痛的功效,有关节炎的朋友每天吃上一把核桃,能起到辅助治疗的作用,关节不痛更舒服。
2
过 期 核 桃
核桃放久了走味,或是一不小心买到几颗坏核桃,也别急着扔啊。把过期的核桃捣碎蒸熟,放进有土的盆里铺好,再盖上3厘米厚的土,每隔一个月翻动一次浇点水就成了天然的肥料。
4. 核桃怎么做好吃又营养丰富
一、芝麻核桃仁
原料:核桃仁、蜂蜜、芝麻、黄油、糖。
步骤:用微波炉加热核桃仁1分钟取出后,用蜂蜜、糖和黄油搅拌均匀,然后放入微波炉再加热1分钟。取出后,再次搅拌,多搅拌一会,然后放入微波炉再加热2分钟取出,趁没有冷却把芝麻撒上搅拌一下,等凉了即可食用。二、酒味核桃仁
原料:核桃仁、蛋清、冰糖、白酒、蜂蜜。
步骤:将冰糖、蜂蜜和鸡蛋清在碗中均匀搅拌,然后等待冰糖化开。另起砂锅煮沸200毫升水,加入搅拌好的蛋清糖水,然后拌匀再煮,撇去表面的泡沫。再次烧开后加入核桃仁和古井贡酒,盛到碗中让其自然融合后就可以吃了。
三、琥珀核桃
原料:核桃仁、蜂蜜、糖。
步骤:将糖在水中煮沸直到糖溶解,当糖有轻微黏性时关掉火,将蜂蜜放入糖水中,均匀搅拌即成糖浆水,不需要太大的量。把核桃仁放进糖浆水中,放入烤箱,放在烤盘中的锡纸上,不要烤的温度太高,会被烧焦,大约十分钟左右关火即可。
5. 野生核桃太硬怎么剥壳
什么工具都没有,用门角夹,横竖各夹一下,力度适当,保证核桃完整;专
用开核桃的钳子属,横竖各夹一下,也会完整 ;
用榔头敲,两边缝上各敲一下 。
注:如果不想吃挨着核桃仁那层有点苦的薄皮,可以用开水泡上半个小时后,就可拨掉了。
6. 核桃怎么吃才最有营养
李时珍说过:核桃能“补肾通脑,有益智慧”,所以核桃被很多人奉为补脑佳品,女人怀孕时要吃,家长给孩子吃。在《神农本草经》上也有相关的记载:核桃的外皮性温、味甘、无毒,对于安神补血等都有一定的益处。
核桃
核桃满身是宝,是家中必备。
7. 英语菜谱
中英对照中餐菜谱
早餐:
烧饼 Clay oven rolls
油条 Fried bread stick
韭菜盒 Fried leek mplings
水饺 Boiled mplings
蒸饺 Steamed mplings
馒头 Steamed buns
割包 Steamed sandwich
饭团 Rice and vegetable roll
蛋饼 Egg cakes
皮蛋 100-year egg
咸鸭蛋 Salted ck egg
豆浆 Soybean milk
米浆 Rice & peanut milk
饭类:
稀饭 Rice porridge
白饭 Plain white rice
油饭 Glutinous oil rice
糯米饭 Glutinous rice
卤肉饭 Braised pork rice
蛋炒饭 Fried rice with egg
地瓜粥 Sweet potato congee
甜点:
爱玉 Vegetarian gelatin
糖葫芦 Tomatoes on sticks
长寿桃 Longevity Peaches
芝麻球 Glutinous rice sesameballs
麻花 Hemp flowers
双包胎 Horse hooves
面类:
馄饨面 Wonton & noodles
刀削面 Sliced noodles
麻辣面 Spicy hot noodles
麻酱面 Sesame paste noodles
鸭肉面 Duck with noodles
鹅肉面 Goose with noodles
鳝鱼面 Eel noodles
乌龙面 Seafood noodles
榨菜肉丝面 Pork , pickled mustard green noodles
蚵仔面线 Oyster thin noodles
板条 Flat noodles
米粉 Rice noodles
炒米粉 Fried rice noodles
冬粉 Green bean noodle
汤类:
鱼丸汤 Fish ball soup
贡丸汤 Meat ball soup
蛋花汤 Egg & vegetable soup
蛤蜊汤 Clams soup
蚵仔汤 Oyster soup
紫菜汤 Seaweed soup
酸辣汤 Sweet & sour soup
馄饨汤 Wonton soup
猪肠汤 Pork intestine soup
肉羹汤 Pork thick soup
花枝汤 Squid soup
花枝羹 Squid thick soup果汁:
甘蔗汁 Sugar cane juice
酸梅汁 Plum juice
杨桃汁 Star fruit juice
青草茶 Herb juice冰类:
绵绵冰 Mein mein ice
点心:
蚵仔煎 Oyster omelet
棺材板 Coffin
臭豆腐 Stinky tofu
油豆腐 Oily bean curd
麻辣豆腐 Spicy hot bean curd
天妇罗 Tenpura
虾片 Prawn cracker
虾球 Shrimp balls
春卷 Spring roos
鸡卷 Chicken roos
碗糕 Salty rice pudding
筒仔米糕 Rice tube pudding
红豆糕 Red bean cake
绿豆糕 Bean paste cake
猪血糕 Pigs blood cake
糯米糕 Glutinous rice cakes
萝卜糕 Fried white radish patty
芋头糕 Taro cake
肉圆 Taiwanese Meatballs
水晶饺 Pyramid mplings
肉丸 Rice-meat mplings
豆干 Dried tofu
家常菜
碧兰鱿鱼 Vegetarian Squid with Green Vegetables
生菜虾松 Minced Shrimp with Lettuces
妅烧栗子鸡 Simmer Chestnut Chicken
炒箭笋Fry Small Bamboo Shoots
冬菇菜心 Black Mushroom and Pickle Sour Kale
什锦藕片 Lotus Roots Assorted Vegetables
红烧烤麸 Simmer Baked Bran
红烧苦瓜 Simmer Bitter Bourd
豆苗虾仁 Fry Bean Sprouts with Vegetarian Shrimp
咕咾肉 Coo-Lao Meat
凉拌长生果 Cold Dressed To-Fu
糖醋鱼片 Sweet Vinegar Fish Fillet
粉蒸肉 Steam Meat
香芹豆干 Celery and Dry Bean Cord
官保甜椒 Spicy Sweet Bell Pepper
红烧肉 Simmer Meat
白果虾仁 Fry Nut with Shrimp
雪菜百页 Pickle Mustard Green with Bai-Yei
香芝素肠 Vegetarian Sesame Sausage
酱爆猴菇 Sante Moken-Head Moshrooms
红绕豆腐 Simmer To-Fu
酥炸香菇 Fry Mushroom
炸明虾 Fry King Prawn
罗汉斋 Vegetarian Meal for Buddhism
什锦锅 Combination Soup
酥炸虾球 Fry Shrimp Ball
香酥豆腐 Deep-Fried To-Fu
咖哩洋菇 Curry Mushroom
金菇芥菜 Golden Mushroom with Mustard Plant
芦荀白合 Asparagus with Lily
双菇烩虾仁 Fry Mushroom with Shrimp
珍珠丸子 Pearl Pillon
酥炸芋球 Deep-Fried Taro Ball
九层鳝糊 Vegetarian Eel-puste and Basil
翡翠鲍鱼 Abalone Mushroom with Vegetables
鱼香茄子 Fry Eggplant
蚂蚁上树 Bean Threads with Vegetables
炸蔬菜 Fry Vegetables
豉汁蚝油鸡 BRAISED CHICKEN WITH FERMENTED AND SEASONED SOY BEANS AND OYSTER SAUCE
翡翠虾球 FRIED SHRIMP BALLS WITH JADE -COLOR VEGETABLE
五彩炒蛋 SCRAMBLED EGG IN FIVE COLORS
鱼茸豆腐羹 BRAISED BEAN CURD WITH FISH MEAT
腐皮三丝 SOYBEAN MILK FILM WITHSLICED MEAT AND VEGETABLE
香葱煎鱼 FRIED FISH WITH GREEN ONION
蚝油扒双菇 MUSHROOMS WITH OYSTER SAUCE
三鲜汤PORK-SEAFOOD SOUP
甘蓝芽炒牛肉丝SLICED BEEF WITH TENDER CABBAGE
五味鱿鱼CUTTLEFISH IN FIVE TASTES
家常豆腐BEAN CURD WITH VEGETABLE
芋头排骨汤RIB SOUP WITH TARO
菠萝排骨RIB WITH PINEAPPLE
蒜泥虾SHRIMP WITH CHAPPEDGARLIC
干贝芥菜SCALLOP WITH MUSTARD PLANT
冬瓜淡菜汤SOUP OF DRIED MUSSEL WITH WHITE GOURD
洋葱辣酱鱼WHITE MEAT FISH IN HOT ONION SOUCE
菜心炒肉丝SLICED PORK AND GREEN VEGETABLE STEM
蟹粉扒豆苗CRAB WITH GARDEN PEA SPROUT
黄瓜肉丸汤MEAT BALL SOUP WITH CUCUMBER
蒜苗腊肉FRIED SALTY & DRIED MEAT WITH SCALLION
鱼香茄子 FRIED EGG PLANT WITH GROUND PORK
镶豆腐BRAISED BEAN CURD WITH GROUND PORK
海带结排骨汤HOG RIB AND SEAWEED KNOT SOUP
葱爆牛肉FRIED BEEF WITH GREEN ONION
番瓜三丁FRIED PUMPKIN WITH PORK AND CUCUMBER
西芹鱿鱼FRIED CUTTLEFISH WITH WESTERN CELERY
蕃茄豆芽汤TOMATO AND BEAN SPROUT SOUP
酸甜排骨SWEET AND SOUR RIBS
香脆虾腰FRISKY SHRIMP WITH HOG KIDNEY
雪菜豆干丁FRIED WINTER VEGETABLE WITH DRIED BEAN CURD CUBES
紫菜冬瓜虾米汤LAVER,WHITE GOURD AND DRIED SHRIMP SOUP
双冬蒸肉片STEAMED PORK WITH PRESERVED WINTER VEGETABLE
腰果鸡丁FRIED CHICKEN CUBES WITH CASHEW NUT
醋溜高丽SALTYAND SOUR CABBAGE
白菜肉卷粉丝汤CHINESE CABBAGE, MEAT ROLL AND BEAN FLOUR NOODLE SOUP
炸三鲜卷FRIED PORK-SEAFOOD ROLLS
红烧海参烩川丸子STEWED SEA CUCUMBER WITH MEAT BALLS
凉拌西芹香干丝PARSLEY AND DRIED BEAN CURD NOODLE SALAD
莲耦清鸡汤RHIZOME OF LOTUS AND CHICKEN SOUP
韭黄肝片FRIED HOG LIVER WITH CHIVES
皇帝豆炒肉片FRIDE PORK WITH LIMA BEANS
培根生菜FRIED BACON AND LETTUCE
萝卜丝鱼汤SHREDDED TURNIP AND FISH SOUP
蒜苗鸭赏FIRED SALTY AND DRIED DUCK WITH SCALLION
小黄瓜炒墨鱼FRIED CUCUMBER AND SQUID
菠萝冻鸡PINEAPPLE AND CHICKEN JELLY
苦瓜排骨鱼丸汤BITTER GOURD,HOG RIB AND FISH BALL SOUP
时蔬炒带子FRIDE CURRENT VEGETABLE AND SEAFOOD
冻蹄花HOG HOOF JELLY
青红鲍鱼菇FRIDE CHINESE CABBAGE AND CHAMPIGNON
清炖牛肉汤STEWED BEEF SOUP
磨菇烩猪排BRAISED PORK STEAK WITH MUSHROOMS
红油鸡丝HOT SLICED CHICKEN
螃蟹粉丝煲BRAISED CRAB AND CHINESE VERMICELLI
苹果鲜鱼汤APPLE AND FRESH FISH SOUP
冰糖小蹄膀SMALL HOG HOOF WITH CRYSTALSUGAR
酿黄瓜BRAISED CUCUMBER WITH PORK FILLING
奶油西兰花CREAMY BROCCOLI
莲子红枣肚片汤LOTUS SEEDS,RED DATES AND PORK BELLY SOUP
红烧花干鸡BRAISED CHICKEN WITH FRIED BEAN
银芽牛肉丝FRIED SHREDDED BEEF WITH BEAN SPROUS
豆苗百叶FRIED GARDEN PEA SPROUTS WITH BEAN CURD SKIN
酸菜肉片汤PICKLED CABBAGE AND PORK SOUP
凉拌鸭掌DUCK PALM SALAD
红烧海带结BRAISED SEAWEED KNOTS
咸蛋蒸肉STEAMED PORK WITH SALTY PRESERVED EGG YOLK
脆笋肉丝汤BAMBOO SHOOT PIECE AND LILY FLOWER SOUP
海鲜炒蛋FRIED SEAFOOD WITH EGG
麻辣毛肚HOT HOG BOWEL
凉拌高丽SALTY AND HOT CABBAGE SALAD
蛤蜊排骨汤CLAM AND HOG RIB SOUP
http://blog.sina.com.cn/u/4a28e61b010003x8 这个网站的``太多``自己看把
参考资料:http://blog.sina.com.cn/u/4a28e61b010003x8
回答者: GGYUMM - 魔法学徒 一级 11-27 15:29
中英文菜名对照 中餐菜谱
肉类 Meat
白切肉 boiled pork sliced
白扣羊肉 boiled mutton
爆牛肚 fried trips
扁豆肉丝 shredded pork and french beans
冰糖肘子 pork jiont stewed with rock sugar
菠萝香酥肉 sweet-and-sour pork with pineapple
叉烧肉 bbq pork(cantonese tyle)/grilled pork
炒腊肉 stir-fried smoked pork
炒木须肉 fried shreds of pork,fungus and eggs ,meat with omelet and fungus
炒里脊丝 saute pork fillet shreds
炒肉片 fried pork sliced
炒肉丁 fried meat cubes
炒肉丝 fried shredded pork
炒猪肝 fried pork liver
炒肚尖 fried tip of pig’s tripes
炒羊肚 fried lamb tripes
豉汁牛肉 fried beef with soy bean sauce
葱爆肉丁 sliced pork with scallion
葱爆肉粉丝 pork slices with vermicelli
葱爆羊肉 fried mutton slice with green scallion
葱头牛肉丝 shredded beef with onion
脆皮三丝卷 crisp rolls of pork,sea-cucumber and bamboo shoots
冬笋炒肉丝 asute shredded pork with bamboo shoots
冬菇猪蹄 pig’s trotters with mushrooms
冬菜扣肉 steamed spicy cabbage abd pork
豆瓣牛肉 beef in chilli bean sauce
炖猪蹄 stewed pig’s trotters
粉蒸排骨 steamed spareribs with rice flower
咖哩牛肉 fried curry beef
干煸牛肉丝 sauteed beef shreds with chilli
宫爆腰花 stir-fried kidney with chilli and peanuts
古老肉 sweet-and-sour pork
蚝油牛肉 oyster sauce beef
红烧肉 stewed pork with brown sauce
红烧狮子头 stewed meatballs with brown sauce
红烧排骨 spareribs with brown sauce
红烧肘子 pork leg braised in brown sauce
红烧蹄筋 braised tendon with brown sauce
红烧牛肉 beef with brown sauce
红烧羊肉 mutton braised in brown sauce
红油肚丝 shredded tripe with chilli sauce
滑肉片 sliced prok with cream sauce
滑溜里脊 saute fillet with thick gravy
花椒牛肉 cayenne beef
黄瓜肉丁 diced pork with cucumber
回锅肉 stir-fried boiled pork slices in hot sauce .twice-cooked pork slices
回锅辣白肉 white meat in hot sauce
家乡熏蹄 home-made pig’s trotters
酱肉 braised pork weasoned with soy sauce
酱牛肉 spiced beef
酱爆肉 fried sliced pork with soy sauce
酱爆肉丁 fried diced pork in soy sauce
酱爆肉丝 shredded pork with soy sauce
酱猪肘 spiced pig’s leg
酱猪肚 spiced pig’s tripe
椒酱肉 mixed meat with chilli
韭黄肉丝 shredded pork with chives
烤乳猪 roasted sucking pig
烤猪肉 roast pork
烤牛肉 roast beef
扣肉 braised meat
辣子肉丁 diced prok with green pepper
栗子红烧肉 braised pork with chestnuts
蚂蚁上树 vermicelli with spicy minced pork
梅干菜扣肉 steamed pork with preserved vegetables
焖牛肉 pot roast beef
米粉蒸肉 steamed pork with fice flower
蜜汁火腿 steamed ham with honey sauce
扒白条 braised pork slices
排肉片 tewed pork strip
肉片 meat slice
肉丝 shredded meat
肉末 minced meat
肉丁 diced meat
肉馅 meat filling
清炸猪里脊 dry-fried pork fillet
青椒肉丝 shredded pork with green pepper
青椒牛肉 fried beef with green pepper
清蒸猪脑 white steamed pig’s brain
清蒸羊肉 steamed mutton
清炖牛尾 steamed oxtail in clear soup
软炸里脊 soft-fried fillet
砂锅狮子头 meatballs in earthen-pot
砂锅丸子 meat balls en casserole
生氽牛肉片 poached beef fillet
时蔬炒牛肉 sauteed sliced beef with seasonal greens
涮羊肉 instant-boiled mutton Mongolian hot pot
手抓羊肉 boiled mutton
双冬牛肉 beef with mushroom and bambo shoots
水晶蹄膀 shredded pork knuckle in jelly
蒜泥白肉 shredded pork with garlic sauce
蒜蓉牛柳条 fillet of beef with garlic sauce
坛子肉 diced pork in pot
糖醋里脊 pork fried with sugar and vinegar dressing , pork fillet with sweet and sour sauce
糖醋排骨 sweet-and-sour spareribs
豌豆肉丁 diced pork with green pies
雪菜肉丝 shredded pork with salted potherb mustard
盐煎肉 fried pork with salted pepper
盐水羊肉 salted mutton
羊肉串 lamb shashlik
腰果肉丁 diced pork with cashew nuts
银芽炒牛肉 sauteed beef and sprouts in satay sauce
鱼香肉丝 shredded pork with garlic sauce
炸丸子 deep-fried meatballs
炸肉茄夹 fried eggplant with meat stuffing
糟白肉 cold pork slices marianted in wine essence
芝麻羊肉 fried mutton with sesame seeds
走油肉 fried boiled pork
蘑菇鸡片: mogu gaipan
左公鸡: general Tso‘s chicken
捞面、炒面: lou mein,
杂碎: chop sue
签语饼:fortune 小甜饼
鸡鸭类 chicken and ck
白斩鸡 boiled chicken
棒棒鸡 chicken cutlets in chilli sauce
荸荠鸡片 saute chicken slices with water chestnuts
北京烤鸭 roast beijing ck
拆骨鸡 boneless chicken
炒鸡片 stir-fried chicken slices
陈皮鸡 chicken with orange flavor
葱油白鸡 boiled chicken with scallion
脆皮鸡 deep fried chicken with crisp skin
冬笋鸡片 saute sliced chicken with bamboo shoots
富贵鸡 steamed chicken with stuffing
芙蓉鸡片 chicken slices with eggwhite puffs
宫保鸡丁 sauted chicken cubes with chilli and peanuts
贵妃鸡 chicken wings and legs with brown sauce
蚝油扒鸭 grilled ck in oyster
红扒鸡 braised chicken in brown sauce
红糟鸭片 ck slices in wine sauce
葫芦八宝鸡 gourd-shaped chicken in stuffing
烩鸭掌 braised ck webs
酱鸡 chicken simmered in brown sauce
酱爆鸡丁 quick-fried diced chicken in bean sauce
椒盐鸡 chicken with spicy salt
叫化鸡 beggar’s chicken(baked chicken)
口蘑鸡块 chicken stew with mushrooms
辣椒炒鸡块 stir-fried diced chicken with green pepper
栗子鸡 stewed chicken with chestnuts
明炉烧鸭 barbecued ck with sweet paste
南京板鸭 steamed nanjing ck
汽锅鸡 yunnan-style steamed chicken
清蒸全鸡 steamed whole chicken in clear soup
砂锅鸡 chicken en casserole
烧鸡 grilled chicken
糖醋鸡条 sweet and sour chicken cutlets
油淋鸡 boiling oil scalded chicken
五香鸡 spiced chicken
香酥鸡 savoury and crisp chicken
熏鸡 smoked chicken
醉鸡 wined chicken
炸鸡卷 fried chicken rolls
樟茶鸭 smoked ck
纸包鸡 chicken wrapped in cellophane
云腿鸡片 stir-fried chicken and ham
饭类
稀饭 Rice porridge
白饭 Plain white rice
糯米饭 Glutinous rice
蛋炒饭 Fried rice with egg
面类
刀削面 Sliced noodles
麻辣面 Spicy hot noodles
乌龙面 Seafood noodles
板条 Flat noodles
榨菜肉丝面 Pork , pickled mustard green noodles
米粉 Rice noodles
汤类
紫菜汤 Seaweed soup
牡蛎汤 Oyster soup
蛋花汤 Egg & vegetable soup
鱼丸汤 Fish ball soup
点心
臭豆腐 Stinky tofu (Smelly tofu)
油豆腐 Oily bean curd
虾球 Shrimp balls
春卷 Spring rolls
蛋卷 Chicken rolls
肉丸 Rice-meat mplings
火锅 Hot pot
割包 Steamed sandwich
蛋饼 Egg cakes
豆干 Dried tofu
韭菜盒 Fried leek mplings
水晶饺 Pyramid mplings
烧饼 Clay oven rolls
油条 Fried bread stick
水饺 Boiled mplings
馒头 Steamed buns
饭团 Rice and vegetable roll
皮蛋 100-year egg
咸鸭蛋 Salted ck egg
豆浆 Soybean milk
油饭 Glutinous oil rice
卤肉饭 Braised pork rice
地瓜粥 Sweet potato congee
冬粉 Green bean noodle
炒米粉 Fried rice noodle
馄饨面 Wonton & noodles
麻酱面 Sesame paste noodles
鸭肉面 Duck with noodles
鳝鱼面 Ecl noodles
牡蛎细面 Oyster thin noodles
贡丸汤 Meat ball soup
蛤蜊汤 Clams soup
酸辣汤 Sweet & sour soup
馄饨汤 Wonton soup
猪肠汤 Pork intestine soup
肉羹汤 Pork thick soup
鱿鱼汤 Squid soup
花枝羹 Squid thick soup
虾片 Prawn cracker
碗糕 Salty rice pudding
肉圆 Taiwanese meatballs
牡蛎煎 Oyster omelet
红豆糕 Red bean cake
绿豆糕 Bean paste cake
糯米糕 Glutinous rice cakes
萝卜糕 Fried white radish patty
芋头糕 Taro cake
麻辣豆腐 Spicy hot bean curd
筒仔米糕 Rice tube pudding
爱玉 Vegetarian gelatin
麻花 Hemp flowers
糖葫芦 Tomatoes on sticks
长寿桃 Longevity Peaches
芝麻球 Glutinous rice sesame balls
双胞胎 Horse hooves
中国菜谱的英文翻译
家庭特色菜(鸡、鸭、乳鸽)
香妃鸡(Steamed chicken with saltedsauce)
糖醋鸡块(Chicken in sweet and sour sauce)
三杯鸡翼(Chicken wings in three cups sauce)
赛海蜇拌火鸭丝(Shredded roast deck with wnow fungus)
杂菜拌鸭脷(Duck tongues with assorted Vegetables)
卤炸乳鸽(Deep-frie pigeon in spiced sauce)
蜜糖子姜鸡(Honey chicken with ginger shoors)
苹果咖喱鸡(Curry chicken with apple)
百花凤翼(stuffed chicken wings with shrimp paste)
香荽鸭翼(Duck wings with coriander)
陈皮鸭脷(Fried ck tongues with tangerine peel)
家庭特色菜(猪、牛)
镬仔叉烧(Roast pork in wok)
菜薳滑肉片(Sliced pork with vegetable shoots)
茄汁炆排骨(Stewed spare ribs with tomato sauce)
酒醉排骨(Spart ribs in wine sauce)
香辣猪扒(Fried chilili pork chops)
云腿芥菜胆(Mustard green with ham)
荔枝炒牛肉(Stir-fried beef with lychee)
卤牛腩(Brisket of beef in spiced sauce)
菠萝牛仔骨(stir-fried ox ribs with pineapple)
核桃肉煲牛0汤(Beef shin soup with walnut)
家庭特色菜(鱼、虾、龙虾、蟹、膳)
蒸鱼尾(Steamed fish tail)
椒盐焗0鱼(Baked pomeret with chilli and salt)
洋葱煮鱼(frie fish with onion)
咸酸菜煮鱼(Flsh with salted mustard cabbage)
酸菜鱼头煲(sour and chilli fish gead pot)
干炸多春鱼(Deep-fried snapper)
榄仁炒鱼环(Fried minced dace with olive seeds)
黑豆煲鱼头汤(Fish head soup with black beans)
苹果煲生鱼汤(Apple and San-yu soup)
北芪生鱼汤(Pak-kei and san-yu soup)
粟米鱼羹(Garoupa and sweet corns soup)
蒜蓉蟠龙虾(Prawns in garlic sauce)
辈翠玉如意(Stuffed yu-ear with shrimp paste)
黑白分明(Fried shrimp balls With black and white sesame seeds)
菜花虾羹(Shrimps and broccoli soup)
京酱龙虾球(Lobster balls in sweet bean sauce)
炸酿龙虾(Fried stuffed lobsters)
辣椒炒蟹(Fried crabs in chilli sauce)
酱油蟹(Crabs in soy sauce)
醋溜蟹(Crabs in sour sauce)
清汤蟹肉(Chicken broth with crab meat)
黑椒善球(Eel balls with black pepper sauce)
家庭特色菜(海味、蛋及其它)
鸭汁炆鱼唇STEWEN FISH SNOUT WITH DUCK SAUCE
鱼唇羹THICKENED FISH SNOUT SOUP
珧柱扒豆苗PEA SHOOTS WITH CONPOYS
蚝豉炆冬菇STEWED BLACK MUSHROOMS WITH DRIED OYSTERS
发财好市汤DRIED OYSTERS AND BLACK MOSS SOUP
XO辣椒酱 XO CHILLI SAUCE
马拉盏炒菜 FRIED VEGETABLES WITH SHRIMP PASTE
肉碎蒸滑蛋 STEAMED EGG CUSTARD WITH MINCED PORK
雪中送炭 FRIED EGG WHITES WITH BLACK MUSHROOM AND HAM
白玉藏珍STUFFED BEANCURD WITH CONPOY AND HAM
素香粉丝 FRIED VERMICELLI IN HOT BEAN SAUCE
素什锦 MIXED VEGETABLES
香芒烧茄子 BRALSED EGGPLANTS WITH MANGO
雪菜拌花生 DEEP- FRIED RED-IN-SNOW AND PEANUT
薯仔煲冬菇汤 POTATO AND BLACK MUSHROOM SOUP
中式午餐(Chinese Lunch)
abalone鲍鱼
hot pot火锅
roast ck烤鸭
sea cucumber海参
cashew chicken腰果鸡丁
shark fin soup鱼翅汤
grouper石斑鱼
rice wine米酒
sautéed prawns炸明虾
steamed rice饭
celery芹菜
crab蟹
fish balls鱼丸
lobster龙虾
shrimp虾子
roast suckling pig烤乳猪
Chinese mushroom香菇
hair vegetable发菜
lotus root莲藕
scallop干贝
sweet and sour pork糖醋排骨
carrot胡萝卜
中式晚餐(Chinese Dinner)
almond junket杏仁豆腐
jellyfish海蜇
barbecued pork buns叉烧包
mustard芥末
bean vermicelli粉丝
chilli sauce辣酱
oyster sauce蚝油
won ton云吞/馄饨
shrimp omelet虾仁炒蛋
red bean dessert红豆汤
Chinese ham中国火腿
steamed open mplings烧卖
Chinese sausage腊肠
1000 year old egg皮蛋
custard tart蛋塔
glutinous rice糯米
spring rolls春卷
sweet soup balls汤圆
stuffed mplings饺子
spare ribs排骨
西式午餐(Western Lunch)
apple pie苹果馅饼
chicken nugget炸鸡块
double cheeseburger双层奶酪汉堡
French fries炸薯条
hot dog热狗
ketchup蕃茄酱
napkin纸巾
pizza披萨(意大利薄饼)
sandwich三明治
straw吸管
biscuits小面包,甜饼干
cream奶油
doughnut炸面团
hamburger汉堡
ice-cream sundae冰淇淋圣代
mill shake奶昔
pepper胡椒粉
salt盐
sausage香肠
tray拖盘
西式晚餐(Western Dinner)
baked potato烤马铃薯
cake蛋糕
chocolate pudding巧克力布丁
corn-on-the-cob玉米棒
fish pie鱼馅饼
meatballs肉丸
roast beef烤牛肉
salad色拉
spaghetti意大利面条
wine酒
waiter服务生
cheese奶酪
coffee pot咖啡壶
crackers咸饼干
mashed potato马铃薯泥
pork chop猪排
roast chicken烤鸡
soup汤
steak牛排
beer啤酒
8. 如何取出鲜桃仁
取出完整核桃仁的方法:
1、先把核桃放在蒸屉内蒸上三五分钟,取出即放入冷水浸泡三分钟。
2、捞出来用锤子在核桃四周轻轻敲打,破壳后就能取出完整的核桃仁。
核桃与扁桃、腰果、榛子并称为世界著名的“四大干果”。既可以生食、炒食,也可以榨油、配制糕点、糖果等,不仅味美,而且营养价值很高,被誉为“万岁子”、“长寿果”。
9. 英语问题
食物调料
Allspice--------------- 香辣椒, 多香果,牙买加胡椒
Anise (star anise)----- 大茴香,八角,大料
Aniseed --------------- 大茴香子
Basil ----------------- 罗勒,紫苏,九层塔
Bay leaf--------------- 香叶,月桂树叶
Caper------------------ 马槟榔
Caraway --------------- 藏茴香果,葛缕子,页蒿
Cardamom -------------- 小豆蔻
Cayenne pepper--------- 辣椒,牛角椒
Chive ----------------- 细香葱, 虾夷葱
Cinnamon -------------- 肉桂
Clove------------------ 丁香
Coriander-------------- 芫 荽 ,香菜, 胡芫
Cumin------------------ 孜然,小茴香,枯茗
Dill ------------------ 莳萝
Fennel----------------- 茴香
Fenugreek ------------- 胡芦巴
Hop-------------------- 忽布,啤酒花
Horseradish------------ 山葵,辣根
Laurel----------------- 月桂
Mint------------------- 薄荷
Mustard---------------- 芥末
Nutmeg----------------- 肉豆蔻
Oregano---------------- 牛至
Paprika---------------- 红辣椒粉
Parsley --------------- 欧芹,洋芫荽 洋香菜
Poppy seed ------------ 罂粟种子
Rosemary -------------- 迷迭香
Saffron --------------- 藏红花,番红花
Sage------------------- 鼠尾草,洋苏草
Tarragon--------------- 龙 蒿, 蛇蒿, 菌陈蒿
Thyme ----------------- 百里香,麝香草
Turmeric -------------- 姜黄
vanilla --------------- 香草,香子兰
Wormwood -------------- 苦艾,蒿
化妆品
护肤: skin care:
洗面奶: facial cleanser/face wash (Foaming,milky,cream,Gel)
爽肤水: toner/astringent(紧肤水 firming lotion,柔肤水 toner/smoothing toner) facial mist/facial spray/complexion mist
护肤霜: moisturizers and creams(保湿 moisturizer,隔离霜,防晒 sun screen/sun block,美白whitening,露 lotion,霜 cream,日霜 day cream,晚霜 night cream)
眼霜: eye gel
面膜: facial mask/masque
眼膜: eye mask
磨砂膏: facial scrub
去黑头: (deep) pore cleanser/striper pore refining
去死皮: Exfoliating Scrub
润肤露(身体): body lotion/moisturizer
护手霜: hand lotion/moisturizer
沐浴露: body wash
彩妆: cosmetics:
遮瑕膏: concealer
粉底: foundation (compact,stick)
粉饼: pressed powder(散粉 loose powder,闪粉 shimmering powder/glitter
眉粉: brow powder, (眉笔)brow pencil
眼线液:(眼线笔)liquid eye liner, eye liner
眼影: eye shadow
睫毛膏: mascara
唇线笔: lip liner
唇膏: lip color/lipstick(笔状 lip pencil,膏状 lip lipstick,盒装 lip color/lip gloss)
唇彩: lip gloss/lip color
腮红: blush
卸装水: makeup remover
卸装乳: makeup removing lotion
帖在身上的小亮片: body art
指甲: manicure/pedicure:
指甲油-去甲油: nail polish, nail polish remover
发: hair procts/accessories:
洗发水: shampoo
护发素: hair conditioner
锔油膏: conditioning hairdressing/hairdressing gel /treatment
摩丝: mousse
发胶: styling gel
染发: hair color
冷烫水: perm/perming formula
卷发器: rollers/perm rollers
工具: cosmetic applicators/accessories:
粉刷: cosmetic brush, face brush
粉扑: powder puffs
海绵扑: sponge puffs
眉刷: brow brush
睫毛夹: lash curler
眼影刷: eye shadow brush/shadow applicator
口红刷: lip brush
胭脂扫: blush brush
转笔刀: pencil sharpener
电动剃毛器: electric shaver-for women
电动睫毛卷: electric lash curler?
描眉卡: brow template
纸巾: facial tissue
吸油纸: oil-Absorbing Sheets
化装棉: cotton pads
棉签: Q-tips
化装包: cosmetic bag
理发用语
打薄剪刀:THINNING
乱发: SHOCK
修剪: TRIM
平顶头: CROP
分发:PART HAIR
做发型: CUTTING & STYLING
电烫: PERMANENT WAVE
点烫药水; SETTING LOTION
女子做发: HAIRDO
点烫发机: ELECTRIC HAIR CURLER
压发: HAIR FIXER
束发结: SNOOD
发网: HAIRNET
假辫子: CORONET BRAID SWITCH
前流海: BANG
A. 肉品类 (鸡, 猪, 牛)
Fresh Grade Legs 大鸡腿 Fresh Grade Breast 鸡胸肉
Chicken Drumsticks 小鸡腿 Chicken Wings 鸡翅膀
Minced Steak 绞肉 Pigs Liver 猪肝
Pigs feet 猪脚 Pigs Kidney 猪腰
Pigs Hearts 猪心 Pork Steak 没骨头的猪排
Pork Chops 连骨头的猪排 Rolled Porkloin 卷好的腰部瘦肉
Rolled Pork Belly 卷好的腰部瘦肉连带皮 Pork sausage meat 做香肠的绞肉
Smoked Bacon 醺肉 Pork Fillet 小里肌肉
Spare Rib Pork chops 带骨的瘦肉 Spare Rib of Pork 小排骨肉
Pork ribs 肋骨可煮汤食用 Black Pudding 黑香肠
Pork Burgers 汉堡肉 Pork-pieces 一块块的廋肉
Pork Dripping 猪油滴 Lard 猪油
Hock 蹄膀 Casserole Pork 中间带骨的腿肉
Joint 有骨的大块肉
Stewing Beef 小块的瘦肉 Steak & Kidney 牛肉块加牛腰
Frying steak 可煎食的大片牛排 Mimced Beef 牛绞肉
Rump Steak 大块牛排 Leg Beef 牛键肉
OX-Tail 牛尾 OX-heart 牛心
OX-Tongues 牛舌 Barnsley Chops 带骨的腿肉
Shoulder Chops 肩肉 Porter House Steak 腰上的牛排肉
Chuck Steak 头肩肉筋、油较多 Tenderised Steak 拍打过的牛排
Roll 牛肠 Cowhells 牛筋
Pig bag 猪肚 Homeycome Tripe 蜂窝牛肚
Tripe Pieces 牛肚块 Best thick seam 白牛肚
B. 海产类
Herring 鲱 Salmon 鲑
Cod 鳕 Tuna 鲔鱼
Plaice 比目鱼 Octopus 鱆鱼
Squid 乌贼 Dressed squid 花枝
Mackerel 鲭 Haddock 北大西洋产的鳕鱼
Trout 鳟鱼、适合蒸来吃 Carp 鲤鱼
Cod Fillets 鳕鱼块,可做鱼羹,或炸酥鱼片都很好吃 Conger (Eel) 海鳗
Sea Bream 海鲤 Hake 鳕鱼类
Red Mullet 红鲣,可煎或红烧 来吃 Smoked Salmon 熏鲑*
Smoked mackerel with crushed pepper corn 带有黑胡椒粒的熏鲭*
Herring roes 鲱鱼子 Boiled Cod roes 鳕鱼子
Oyster 牡犡 Mussel 蚌、黑色、椭圆形、没壳的即为淡菜
Crab 螃蟹 Prawn 虾
Crab stick 蟹肉条 Peeled Prawns 虾仁
King Prawns 大虾 Winkles 田螺
Whelks Tops 小螺肉 Shrimps 小虾米
Cockles 小贝肉 Labster 龙虾
C. 蔬果类
Potato 马铃薯 Carrot 红萝卜
Onion 洋葱 Aubergine 茄子
Celery 芹菜 White Cabbage 包心菜
Red cabbage 紫色包心菜 Cucumber 大黄瓜
Tomato 蕃茄 Radish 小红萝卜
Mooli 白萝卜 Watercress 西洋菜
Baby corn 玉米尖 Sweet corn 玉米
Cauliflower 白花菜 Spring onions 葱
Garlic 大蒜 Ginger 姜
Chinese leaves 大白菜 Leeks 大葱
Mustard & cress 芥菜苗 Green Pepper 青椒
Red pepper 红椒 Yellow pepper 黄椒
Mushroom 洋菇 Broccoliflorets 绿花菜
Courgettes 绿皮南瓜,形状似小黄瓜,但不可生食 Coriander 香菜
Dwarf Bean 四季豆 Flat Beans 长形平豆
Iceberg 透明包心菜 Lettuce 莴苣菜
Swede or Turnip 芜菁 Okra 秋葵
Chillies 辣椒 Eddoes 小芋头
Taro 大芋头 Sweet potato 蕃薯
Spinach 菠菜 Beansprots 绿豆芽
Peas 碗豆 Corn 玉米粒
Sprot 高丽小菜心
Lemon 柠檬 Pear 梨子
Banana 香蕉 Grape 葡萄
Golden apple 黄绿苹果、脆甜 Granny smith 绿苹果、较酸
Bramleys 可煮食的苹果 Peach 桃子
Orange 橙 Strawberry 草莓
Mango 芒果 Pine apple 菠萝
Kiwi 奇异果 Starfruit 杨桃
Honeydew-melon 蜜瓜 Cherry 樱桃
Date 枣子 lychee 荔枝
Grape fruit 葡萄柚 Coconut 椰子
Fig 无花果
D. 其它
Long rice 长米,较硬,煮前先泡一个小时 Pudding rice or short rice 短米,较软
Brown rice 糙米
THAI Fragrant rice 泰国香米* Glutinous rice 糯米*
Strong flour 高筋面粉 Plain flour 中筋面粉
Self- raising flour 低筋面粉 Whole meal flour 小麦面粉
Brown sugar 砂糖(泡奶茶、咖啡适用) dark Brown Sugar 红糖(感冒时可煮姜汤时用)
Custer sugar 白砂糖(适用于做糕点) Icing Sugar 糖粉
Rock Sugar 冰糖
Noodles 面条 Instant noodles 方便面
Soy sauce 酱油,分生抽浅色及老抽深色两种 Vinger 醋
Cornstarch 太白粉 Maltose 麦芽糖
Sesame Seeds 芝麻 Sesame oil 麻油
Oyster sauce 蚝油 Pepper 胡椒
Red chilli powder 辣椒粉 Sesame paste 芝麻酱
Beancurd sheet 腐皮 Tofu 豆腐
Sago 西贾米 Creamed Coconut 椰油
Monosim glutanate 味精 Chinese red pepper 花椒
Salt black bean 豆鼓 Dried fish 鱼干
Sea vegetable or Sea weed 海带 Green bean 绿豆
Red Bean 红豆 Black bean 黑豆
Red kidney bean 大红豆 Dried black mushroom 冬菇
Pickled mustard-green 酸菜 Silk noodles 粉丝
Agar-agar 燕菜 Rice-noodle 米粉
Bamboo shoots 竹笋罐头 Star anise 八角
Wantun skin 馄饨皮 Dried chestuts 干粟子
Tiger lily buds 金针 Red date 红枣
Water chestnuts 荸荠罐头 Mu-er 木耳
Dried shrimps 虾米 Cashewnuts 腰果
Menu caidan 菜单
Bill jiezhang/maidan 结账/买单
Chopsticks kuaizi 筷子
Fork chaizi 叉子
Spoon shaozi 勺子
Knife zi 刀子
Glass beizi 杯子
Bottle ping 瓶
Napkin canjin 餐巾
Paper napkin canjin 餐巾纸
Toothpick ya qian 牙签
Table zhuozi 桌子
Chair yizi 椅子
Please, don’t put MSG in the food qing, bu yao fang weijing 请,不要放味精
Chinese dishes: appetizers/side dishes:
Spring roll chunjuan 春卷
Sliced cold cucumber with garlic and vinegar liang ban huanggua 凉拌黄瓜
Preserved eggs( beware:these are an acquired taste) songhuadan 松花蛋
Boiled peanuts zhuhuashengmi 煮花生米
Doufu with scallions liangban doufu 凉拌豆腐
Northern cuisine
Stirfried spinach with egg and glass noodles bocai jidan chao fensi 菠菜鸡蛋炒粉丝
Sweet and wour pork gulao rou 古老肉
Beef noodles in soup niurou mian 牛肉面
Cold noodles with beef cubes and cucumber in brown sauce zaijiangmian 炸酱面
Boiled mplings jiaozi 饺子
Panfried mplings guotie 锅贴
Steamed buns mantou 馒头
Steamed buns with meat and vegetable filling baozi 包子
Beijing ck kaoya 烤鸭
Stirgried spicy chicken with peanuts and green peppers gongbao jiding 宫爆鸡丁
Fried sweet and sour Mandarin fish songshuguiyu 松鼠鲑鱼
Spicy toufu with pork meat jiachang doufu 家常豆腐
Stirfried cabbage in vinegar sauce culiu cai 醋溜白菜
Stirfried shredded pork meat with spring onion jingjiang rousi 京酱肉丝
Stirfried mutton meat with green onion cong bao yang rou 葱爆羊肉
Mongolian hotpot shuan yangrou 涮羊肉
Sichuan dishes
Braised Mandarin fish hongshao guiyu 红烧鲑鱼
Spicy chicken( very hot) lazi ji 辣子鸡
Spicy beancurd with shredded pork meat (hot) mapo doufu 麻婆豆腐
Sichuan pickles( hot) Sichuan paocai 四川泡菜
Pork strips in spicy sweet and sour sauce yuxiang rousi 鱼香肉丝
Chili water boiled beef (very hot) shuizhu niurou 水煮牛肉
Stirfried green beans ganbian siji dou 干煸四季豆
Noodles in spicy sauce (very hot) dandan mian 担担面
Cantonese
Sweet and sour beancurd with BBQ pork chashao gulu doufu 叉烧咕噜豆腐
Braised crud meat with eggplant xierou xiazi shao qiezi 蟹肉虾子烧茄子
Black peper heijiao niuzi liu 黑椒牛仔柳
Stirfried Chinese broccoli qingchao jielan 清炒芥兰
Steamed fish with soya beans douchi lingyu zheng yunan 豆豉鲮鱼蒸鱼腩
Steamed mplings filled with crab and pork meat shaomai 烧麦
Steamed buns filled with BBQ pork chashao bao 叉烧包
Coconut pudding with taro xiangyu ye gao 香芋椰子糕
Shanghai cai
Steamed mpling filled with pork meat xiaolongbao 小笼包
Steamed herring qingzheng shiyu 清蒸鲥鱼
Chestnut soup with osmanthus guihua xian su geng 桂花鲜粟羹
West lake vinegared fish xihu cu yu 西湖醋鱼
Beggar’s roast chicken jiaohuazi ji 叫花子鸡
Crab and fishmeat ball guan xie yu yuan 灌蟹鱼圆
Dong’an vinegar chicken dong’an zi ji 东安子鸡
Hunan cai
Hunan casserole chicken xiaoxiang baozi ji 潇湘煲子鸡
Fried pickled beans with minced meat suan jiao chao roumo 酸豆角炒肉末
Steamed fish head with peppers doujiao zheng yutou 剁椒蒸鱼头
Fried green beans with red pepper sijidou chao hong lajiao 四季豆炒红辣椒
Braised pork hong shao rou 红烧肉
Braised hunan fish hongshao wuchang yu 红烧武昌鱼
Duck in three cups of beer pijiu sanbei ya 啤酒三杯鸭
Steamed rice in clay pot shenxian bofan 神仙铂饭
Other vegetable dishes
Stirfried doumiao qing chao doumiao 清炒豆苗
Panfried tomato and eggs xihongshi chao jidan 西红柿炒鸡蛋
Stirfried broccoli qingchao xilanhua 清炒西兰花
Braised eggplant hongshao qiezi 红烧茄子
Rice
Fried rice with shrimps, mushrooms and chicken shijin chaofan 什锦炒饭
Fried rice with eggs jidan chaofan 鸡蛋炒饭
Fried rice with vegetables sucai chaofan 素菜炒饭
Teas/beverages/spirits
tea cha 茶
jasmine tea molihua cha 茉莉花茶
chrysanthemum tea juhua cha 菊花茶
green tea lu cha 绿茶
longjing tea longjing cha 龙井茶
wulong tea wulong cha 乌龙茶
coffee kafei 咖啡
boiled water kaishui 开水
mineral water kuangquan shui 矿泉水
beer pijiu 啤酒
coca cola kele 可乐
sprite xuebi 雪碧
red wine hong potaojiu 干红
white wine putaojiu 白葡萄酒
Chinese spirit jiu 白酒
Beijing spirit er guo tou 二锅头
中式早点:
烧饼Clay oven rolls;
油条Fried bread stick;
韭菜饺Fried leek mplings
水饺Boiled mplings;
蒸饺Steamed mplings;
馒头Steamed buns
割包Steamed sandwich;
饭团Rice and vegetable roll;
蛋饼Egg cakes;
皮蛋 100-year egg;
咸鸭蛋Salted ck egg;
豆浆 Soybean milk
饭 类 :
稀饭 Rice porridge;
白饭 Plain white rice;
油饭 Glutinous oil rice;
糯米饭Glutinous rice;
卤肉饭Braised pork rice;
蛋炒饭Fried rice with egg;
地瓜粥Sweet potato congee
面 类 :
馄饨面Wonton & noodles;
刀削面Sliced noodles;
麻辣面Spicy hot noodles;
麻酱面Sesame paste noodles;
鸭肉面Duck with noodles
鳝鱼面Eel noodles;
乌龙面Seafood noodles;
牡蛎细面 Oyster thin noodles;
榨菜肉丝面Pork , pickled mustard green noodles
板条 Flat noodles;
米粉 Rice noodles;
炒米粉Fried rice noodles
冬粉 Green bean noodle
汤 类 :
鱼丸汤Fish ball soup;
贡丸汤Meat ball soup;
蛤蜊汤Clams soup;
牡蛎汤Oyster soup;
紫菜汤Seaweed soup;
酸辣汤Sweet & sour soup;
馄饨汤Wonton soup;
鱿鱼汤Squid soup;
猪肠汤Pork intestine soup;
肉羹汤Pork thick soup;
花枝羹Squid thick soup;
蛋花汤Egg & vegetable soup
甜点:
爱玉 Vegetarian gelatin;
糖葫芦Tomatoes on sticks;
双胞胎Horse hooves;
芝麻球Glutinous rice sesame balls;
麻花 Hemp flowers;
长寿桃Longevity Peaches
冰类 :
绵绵冰Mein mein ice;
麦角冰Oatmeal ice;
地瓜冰Sweet potato ice
红豆牛奶冰Red bean with milk ice;
八宝冰Eight treasures ice;
豆花 Tofu pudding
果汁:
甘蔗汁Sugar cane juice;
酸梅汁Plum juice;
杨桃汁Star fruit juice
青草茶Herb juice
点 心:
牡蛎煎Oyster omelet;
臭豆腐Stinky tofu (Smelly tofu);
虾片Prawn cracker
油豆腐Oily bean curd;
麻辣豆腐 Spicy hot bean curd;
虾球Shrimp balls
春卷 Spring rolls;
蛋卷 Chicken rolls;
碗糕 Salty rice pudding
筒仔米糕Rice tube pudding;
红豆糕Red bean cake;
绿豆糕Bean paste cake;
糯米糕Glutinous rice cakes;
萝卜糕Fried white radish patty
芋头糕Taro cake;
肉圆 Taiwanese Meatballs;
水晶饺Pyramid mplings;
肉丸 Rice-meat mplings;
豆干 Dried tofu
其 他
当归鸭Angelica ck;
槟榔 Betel nut;
火锅 Hot pot
靛蓝青年布:Indigo chambray
人棉布植绒:Rayon cloth flocking
PVC植绒:PVC flocking
针织布植绒:Knitting cloth flocking
珠粒绒:Claimond veins
倒毛:Down pile making
平绒:velveteen (velvet-plain)
仿麂皮:Micro suede
牛仔皮植绒:Jeans flocking
尼丝纺:Nylon taffeta (Nylon shioze)
尼龙塔夫泡泡纱:Nylon seersucker taffeta
素面植绒:plain flocking
印花植绒:flocking(flower)
雕印植绒:Embossing flocking
皮革沟底植绒:Leather imitation flocking
牛仔植绒雕印:Embossing jeans flocking
兔羊绒大衣呢:Angora cachmere overcoating
羊毛双面呢:double-faced woolen goods
立绒呢:cut velvet
顺毛呢:over coating
粗花呢:costume tweed
弹力呢:lycra woolen goods
塔丝绒: Nylon taslon
塔丝绒格子:N/Taslon ripstop
桃皮绒:polyester peach skin
涤塔夫:polyester taffeta
春亚纺:polyester pongee
超细麦克布:Micro fiber
锦棉稠(平纹):Nylon-cotton fabric (plain)
重平锦棉稠:Nylon-cotton-cotton fabric(double weft)
人字锦棉纺:Nylon-cotton fabric
斜纹锦棉纺:Nylon-cotton fabric (twill)
素色天鹅绒:solid velvet
抽条磨毛天鹅绒:Rib fleece velvet
雪花天鹅绒:melange velvet
轧花天鹅绒:ginning velvet
粒粒绒布:pellet fleece velvet
麻棉混纺布:linen/cotton blended fabric
麻棉交织布:linen/cotton mixed fabric
素色毛巾布:solid terry
蚂蚁布:fleece in one side
素色卫衣布:solid fleece
鱼网布:fleece
彩条汗布:color-stripes single jersey
T/R弹力布:T/R bengaline
T/C色织格子布:T/C yarn dyed check fabric
弹力仿麂皮:Micro suede with spandex
T/R仿麂皮:T/R Micro suede
仿麂皮瑶粒绒复合布:100%polyester micro suede bounding with polar fleece
仿麂皮针织布复合:100% polyester bounding with knitting micro suede fabric
仿麂皮羊羔绒复合布:100% polyester micro suede bounding with lamb fur
蜡光缎:cire satine
全消光尼丝纺:Full ll nylon taffeta
半消光尼丝纺:semi-ll nylon taffeta
亮光尼龙:Trilobal nylon
全消光塔丝隆:Full ll nylon taslan
全消光牛津布:full ll nylon oxford
尼龙格:Nylon rip-stop
塔丝隆格:Taslan rip-stop
哑富迪:Full ll Micro polyester pongee
全消光春亚纺:Full ll polyester pongee
春亚纺格子:polyester pongee rip-stop
全消光涤纶桃皮绒:Full ll polyester peach
宽斜纹桃皮绒:Big twill polyester peach
涤锦复合桃皮绒:poly/nylon peach
涤纶格子:polyester taffeta rip-stop
涤纶蜂巢塔丝隆:polyester honey taslan
全消光涤纶低弹牛津布:Full ll poly textured oxford
涤锦交织桃皮绒:Nylon/polyester inter-woven peach
服装的英文缩略词(服装类)
SZ SPEC---SIZE SPECIFICATION
MEAS.---MEASUREMENT
A/P SPL---APPROVAL SAMPLE
P/P SPL---PRE PRODUCTION SAMPLE
S/P SPL---SHIPPING SAMPLE
FAB---FABRIC
ACC---ACCESSORY
BTM---BOTTOM
FRT---FRONT
BK---BACK
PKT---POCKET
PLKT---PLACKET
SLV---SLEEVE
CLR---COLLAR
FLNG---FLANGE
A/H---ARMHOLE
SHLDER---SHOULDER
TP/ST---TOP STITCH
BTN---BUTTON
DTM---DYE TO MATCH
EMBO---EMBROIDERY
Y OR YD---YARD
H/T---HANGTAG
SZ LBL---SIZE LABEL
CC LBL---CARE CONTENT LABEL
MAIN LBL---MAIN LABEL
常用服装英语词汇
“J” SHAPED POCKET J形袋
24L BUTTON 24号钮
6 FEED PIQUE 6模珠地
ACCESSORY 辅料
BACK ACROSS 后背宽
ACROSS MEASURE 横量
ACRYLIC 腈纶
ADHESIVE / FUSIBLE INTERLINING 粘衬
ANTIQUE BRASS COATING 镀青古铜
ANTISTATIC FINISH 防静电处理
APPAREL 成衣
APPEALING LOOK 吸引人的外表
APPROVAL SAMPLE 批办
APPROVED SAMPLE WITH SIGNING NAME 签名批办
ARMHOLE 夹圈
ASSEMBLING OF FRONT & BACK PART 前后幅合并
ASSEMBLING SECTION 合并部分
ATTACH COLLAR 上领
ATTACH LABEL 上商标
ATTACHMENT (车缝)附件
BACK COVER FRONT 后搭前
BACK MID-ARMHOLE 后背宽
BACK STITCH 返针,回针
BACKLESS DRESS 露背装
BAR CODED STICKER 条形码贴纸
BARGAINING 讨价还价
BAR-TACK 打枣
BASTE 假缝
BATILK 蜡染
BEARER 袋衬
BEARER & FACING 袋衬袋贴
BEDFORD CORD. 坑纹布,经条灯心绒
BELL BOTTOM 喇叭裤脚
BELLOWS POCKET 风琴袋
BELT 腰带
BELT-LOOP 裤耳
BIAS CUT 斜纹裁,纵纹裁
BIFURCATE 分叉
BINDER 包边蝴蝶,滚边蝴蝶
BINDING 包边
BINDING OF SLV. OPENING R折
BINDING OF TOP VENT 面叉包边
BINDING TAPE 包边
BINDING/BOUND 滚条
BLANKET 毛毯,地毯
BLEACH 漂白
BLEACH SPOT 漂白污渍
BLEEDING 洗水后褪色
BLEND FIBRE 混纺纤维
BLENDS 混纺
BLIND STITCH 挑脚线步
BLOUSE 女装衬衫
BODY PRESSING 衫身熨烫
BODY RISE 直浪..................
10. 金刚菩提子有假的吗
金刚菩提子怎么辨别真假?目前有三点:
一、是实物作假,即在金刚籽上动手脚,包括:
1、做旧,拿油熬,拿油炸,等等,借助做旧工艺,可弄出很多黑且光亮的金刚。做完旧,上香灰,可以弄出所谓庙挂金刚。
2、上色,尼商人在卖出金刚的时候有时候就会上第一道色。国内商人紧步其后,可以通过各类上色手法上色。
3、蒸煮,蒸煮能较快清理,出所谓的“南瓜红”,这种红色和原籽的颜色很大不同,一般显得发死。因而清理的太干净的籽一定要当心,要问清楚。曾经在某一大型出售金刚的实体店中,看到全部的籽都蒸煮过了。不由的心惊。
4、上漆和其他化学试剂。使得金刚本身变得很好看。
5、上油。包括橄榄油核桃油BB油等。上油的好处,一是遮断齿,二是遮掉“水碱”,但往往会阴了底子。上不上油应该由买家决定。除了单子收藏用的那种极品 单籽外,一般建议金刚不上油。很多口头承诺没有上油的奸商,实际都做了假。但刚入门的朋友不容易发现。(也有很多奸商打着上油防裂的幌子~~上油确实可以 适当防裂,但也没那么神)
二、是使用替代物。即用原本不是金刚的东西,冒充金刚出售。
典型的有:1、二瓣、三瓣的造假。目前国内所见二瓣几乎无真,三瓣很多都是用长寿核桃代替,这个上当的人相当多。
2、用印度籽、印尼籽、国产籽冒充尼泊尔籽。尤其是在多瓣领域,假得简直是惨不忍睹。但很多人,包括去尼泊尔本地买和印度本地买的朋友,都上过这种当。价差甚至达到上百倍。更多相关信息,记得了解我的备注信息
3、树脂塑料等物品。
三、是照片造假。借助闪光灯、背景光等,使得照相出来的金刚和实物有很大不同